The principal concern of my paper will be to examine the hostile reactions of a number of left-wing intellectuals and writers to the growing political and cultural influence of America during the 1950s. Some evidence will be drawn from journalism (notably from L’Humanité), but in the main reference will be made to a number of works by Roger Vailland (Le Colonel Foster plaidera coupable; 325.000 francs), Pierre Courtade (Jimmy; two short stories from Les Animaux supérieurs) and André Stil ( his trilogy Le Premier Choc). This will show how an ideologically driven anti-Americanism prevailed, often resulting in two-dimensional writing, stereotypes and clichés. But we will also discover that even in the most entrenched writing there are signs that American influence made too deep an impression to be resisted totally. The context for this discussion will be drawn from the works of historians like Judt (Past Imperfect), Pottier (Le bases américaines en France), Sirinelli (Les baby-boomers), Strauss (Menace in the West), Gaument (Le Mythe américain). In addition I will also go beyond this context to take into consideration the impressions made by the USA on other intellectuals in a variety of ways during the post-Liberation years. Reference will be made to Sartre (essays in Situations III), Claude Roy (Clefs pour l’Amérique), Simone de Beauvoir (L’Amérique au jour le jour), Jean-François Revel (Ni Marx, ni Jésus) and Etiemble (Parlez-vous franglais?) The failure of left-wing opposition to American influence and to still its progress will be illustrated by Georges Perec’s Les Choses.