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ABSTRACTS

William Carter (University of Alabama, Birmingham)
Homosexuality as a social leveling force: the servant class and class distinctions in A la recherche du temps perdu and in Proust's life.

This paper will be based on the recently discovered unabridged memoirs of Ernst Forssgren, the Swedish valet who was in Proust's service in 1914. It will also take into account his marginalia in Painter's biography and several autograph items, including an unknown and hence unpublished telegram that Proust sent Forssgren on September 1, 1922. It will first discuss the relationship between Proust and Forssgren between 1914 and 1922, a relationship about which almost everything we know comes from a text by Forssgren that was published in 1975 in the Cahiers Marcel Proust under the title Un voyage and dealt with a trip Proust took to Cabourg with Forssgren in 1914. Unfortunately, that text is incomplete and poorly translated. The paper will then show how the discovery of the new documents sheds new lights on that trip and on the relationship beween the two men. Finally, it will take into account that relationship to discuss the class distinctions both in Proust's life and in his novel as well as homosexuality as a social leveling force.



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